Copyright Notice: Daoism: Religion, History and Society is an academic journal devoted to scholarly studies of Daoism, it is co-sponsored by the Centre for the Studies of Daoist Culture, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and the Ecole Francaise d’Extreme-Orient. In order to keep pace with advances in digital technology, as well as to ensure the widest possible circulation and citation of papers published in the journal, the authors of any submissions that are accepted for publication has authorized the journal to grant non-exclusive license to third-party providers in order to allow their papers to be duplicated, publicly transmitted via the internet, downloaded, and printed by authorized users of those providers. The copyright of Daoism: Religion, History and Society belongs to the Centre for the Studies of Daoist Culture, The Chinese University of Hong Kong. This full-text database is for academic research purposes. Content can be searched, read, and printed for personal, non-commercial purposes. We ask that you observe the Copyright Laws of Hong Kong by not reproducing, disseminating, altering, posting, or broadcasting articles therein.