HKIER

Abstract

In the 21st century, financial literacy is an important survival skill. Empowering school children to make sensible financial decision-making has become essential. A financial competency framework (FCF) describes a set of essential financial competence (FC) elements that inform people with the financial knowledge, skills, attitudes, behaviors, and motivations to implement and assess their personal financial literacy, which is a solid means for coordinating financial education (FE) in schools. However, in Hong Kong, FE in schools is scattered across some subjects and insufficiently embeds the relevant FC elements listed in its FCF. Hence, this study first conducted a literature review on the importance of FE in schools and the use of FCF in school FE, and took Hong Kong as an illustrative example for reviewing the use of its FCF in the school curricula through curriculum mapping and suggested ways for advancing FE in schools. It was found that most FC elements are relevantly well mapped with various learning themes or subjects especially for the Self and Society learning theme in kindergarten, General Studies in primary subject, and four secondary subjects, including Life and Society, Technology Education, Life Planning Education and Career Guidance, and Business, Accounting and Financial Studies. These FC elements can be further coordinated with a school implementation guide, teacher training plan, and assessment tools to advance the FE in Hong Kong.

Keywords: financial literacy; financial competence framework; financial education; school curriculum; curriculum mapping

摘要

理財（金融）素養是21世紀的一項重要生存技能，賦予學童作出明智財務決策的能力已變得至關重要。財務能力框架描述了一系列基本的財務能力要素，使人們具備財務知識、技能、態度、行為和動機，以實施和評估個人的理財（金融）素養，這亦是學校協調統整理財教育的可靠參考方法。然而，香港的學校理財教育分散在某些科目中，並沒有充分引入香港財務能力框架中的財務能力元素。因此，本研究首先對學校理財教育的重要性以及財務能力框架在學校理財教育中的使用進行了文獻回顧，並以香港為例，通過對照學校課程地圖方式來審查其財務能力框架在學校課程中的使用，最後提出建議，以此推進學校理財教育。研究發現，大多數財務能力元素都與香港學校課程的各種學習主題或科目很好地對應起來，尤其是幼稚園的「個人與群體」學習主題、小學的「常識科」，以及四門中學科目，包括「生活與社會」、「科技教育」、「生涯規劃與事業輔導」、「企業、會計與財務概論」。這些財務能力元素可以進一步與學校實施指南、教師培訓計劃和評估工具相協調，以推進香港的理財教育。

關鍵詞：理財（金融）素養；理財能力框架；理財教育；學校課程；學校課程地圖