HKIER

Abstract

The relationship of individualism and collectivism, empathy dispositions, and empathic experiences among college students in the United States was examined. First, 121 participants completed a survey that measures individualism-collectivism and empathy dispositions. Four weeks later, 74 of them participated in the second part of the study, a laboratory session, in which they were presented with a transcript of a counseling session. Their experienced empathic emotion and intellectual empathy toward “the client” in the session were assessed. The survey results showed that collectivism was correlated positively with dispositional intellectual empathy and empathic emotion. The laboratory session revealed that collectivism predicted experienced empathic emotion and that individualism predicted intellectual empathy. In addition, dispositional intellectual empathy and empathic emotion predicted experienced intellectual empathy and empathic emotion respectively. Implications of the findings in counseling across cultures were discussed.

摘要

本研究探討美國大學生對個人主義價值觀、群體主義價值觀、共情共感傾向和共情共感體驗的關係。121位參與者首先接受了個人主義／群體主義價值觀及共情共感傾向的測量。四週後，當中的74位參與者參加了第二輪研究，閱讀了一段心理輔導紀錄，然後評估他們對紀錄中的案主的共情共感體會。結果表明，群體主義價值觀與共情共感傾向呈正相關。群體主義價值觀可以預測共情體驗，而個人主義價值觀可以預測共感體驗。此外，共情傾向和共感傾向可分別預測共情體驗和共感體驗。本文還討論了研究結果在跨文化心理輔導中的應用。