HKIER

摘要

本文嘗試檢視馬來西亞的優待教育政策對國內三個不同種族在中學教育成就所產生的影響，並探討每一種族中，有關性別及社經差異的趨勢。我們將會利用第二次馬來西亞家庭生活意見調查的資料。分析那些在一九四零及六九年之間出生、完成小學教育的人仕，他們的中學教育成就比率。

馬來人在過去一段時間逐漸較非馬來人更可能完成中學教育，而在馬來人當中，性別及社組差異也隨時間漸漸收窄了，但非馬來人卻並非如此、更有個案顯示情況在惡化中。研究結果支持以社會結構而不是文化角度來解釋在教育成就上的種族差異。

Abstract

This article examines the effects of Malaysia's preferential educational policies on secondary school attainment for the country's three ethnic groups and investigates trends in gender and socioeconomic differences within each ethnic group. Data from the Second Malaysian Family Life Survey were used to analyze the odds of secondary school attainment, given primary school completion, for birth cohorts born between 1940 and 1969. Over time, Malays were increasingly more likely to attain secondary school than were non-Malays. Among Malays, gender and socioeconomic differences narrowed over time, but among non-Malays, they did not narrow and in some cases were exacerbated. The findings support a social structural, rather than a cultural, explanation of ethnic differences in educational attainment.