HKIER

摘要

閱讀乃一「選擇性注意」的過程。本文是基於此一信念以考驗文理線索的效應。研究工具為四篇文章。在內文評定若干重點句，並加特定線索如「第一重點是……」冠於其前，乃成「正確線索」篇章。又將同樣線索冠於無關重要句子之前，製成「錯誤線索」篇章。再把篇章譯成英譯本，從而構成中文正、錯線索四個版本。大學一年級中、英文系學生被邀為受試者，分成四組，分別參與四個版本的測試。篇章內容分成句子在電腦螢幕呈現，受試者按鍵閱讀，每句的反應時間均有紀錄。多變項方差分析將中、英文篇章，及正、錯線索版本作為組間變項。結果發現英文比中文篇章閱讀為慢。更重要的發現是正線索組學生閱讀正線索句及錯線索均費時較多、注意程度較強。無論是正、錯線索版本，學生閱讀有線索句均比無線索句較為注意。文理線索能影響閱讀過程中的注意程度，這說法在本研究中獲得肯定。

Abstract

This study examines the effects of contextual signals in text processing on the basis of the 'selective attention' hypothesis. Four passages were adopted as reading materials. Contextual signals were added to the texts, specifying the theme sentences. Texts with signals attached to the theme sentences were thought of 'correct texts'. Those with signals attached to the unimportant sentences were 'misplaced texts'. Versions of Chinese and English texts were made available. Participating in the study were 42 and 38 first-year students from the Chinese and English Department respectively. Subjects read sentence by sentence from the computer screen and their reaction time was recorded. MANOVA was used with text version (Chinese vs. English) and contextual signal (correct vs. misplaced) as between-subjects factors. Longer reaction time was found from English rather than Chinese text version, and from signaled rather than non-signaled sentences, regardless of the signals being rightly placed or misplaced in texts. These findings indicate that contextual signals affect the attention levels during text processing.