HKIER

Abstract

This paper examines the construct validity of a cloze test using two sources of evidence. The first derives from an analysis of the relationships among test scores obtained from four versions of a cloze test. Item analysis, analysis of variance and confirmatory factor analysis were performed on the test data. The second relates to the examinees' oral accounts of their thinking processes as they answer the cloze items. These two sources of evidence together show that examinees first tried to answer the cloze item making use of well-rehearsed or automatic processes. If this was not successful, they then used analytic or controlled processes to attempt the items. Items which were best at assessing examinees' automatic processes were constructed by deleting prepositions from the passage whereas those items best for assessing controlled processes were constructed by deleting content words. These two types of items also differed in their level of difficulty and assessed different aspects of English language ability.

摘要

本文用兩方面的證據來檢定一個英語填字測驗的構念效度。第一，用心理測量方法（包括項目分析、方差分析、驗證因子分析）分析從四種不同刪字方法得到的測驗分數之間的關係。第二，從被測試者口述他們填字思維過程的報告，鑒定他們需要的認知技能和程序。這兩方面的證據綜合顯示答題者首先用熟習的或「反射性的」思想過程填字。如果這個辦法不成功，他們會用分析的或「支配性的」思考方法答題。研究發現由刪去介詞構成的填字題目最適用於測量答題者反射性的思維過程，而由刪去有具體內容字詞構成的題目最適合於測量支配性的思想歷程。